Module 1: Understanding Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Foundation, Benefits and Ethical Implications

A Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario Category 1 Course

Course Overview:

This course provides a foundational understanding of AI in dentistry, covering key concepts, applications, and ethical considerations. We explore how AI can enhance diagnostics, patient engagement, and operational efficiency through tools like radiographic analysis, AI scribes, and prompt engineering. Core AI concepts such as machine learning and computer vision will be introduced alongside their limitations and best practices. Emphasis will be placed on ethical issues, including data privacy, patient consent, and regulatory compliance, ensuring participants can integrate AI responsibly to support, rather than replace, clinical judgment. Practical guidelines for implementation and risk management are also included.

Objective:

To provide dentists with foundational knowledge on AI, including how specific models like LLMs and machine learning applications work, and to explain why these technologies are becoming increasingly relevant and transformative in the dental field.

Learning Objectives

1. Explain What AI Is and How It Functions

• • • Introduce the fundamental principles of AI, including key types such as:
      • • Machine Learning (ML): Algorithms that learn from data to make predictions or decisions, such as image classification for diagnostic assistance.
        • Large Language Models (LLMs): AI models trained on extensive language data to process and generate human-like text, useful in generating patient reports or answering clinical questions.
        • Computer Vision and Deep Learning: Applications focused on interpreting images, with specific use in dental radiography to enhance diagnostic accuracy.
    • Highlight how these AI tools are developed and refined, including the use of vast, annotated datasets and human training to optimize reliability and safety. 

2. Analyze the Relevance and Potential of AI in Dentistry

• • • Explore the capabilities of AI in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, improving treatment planning, streamlining administrative workflows, and even supporting patient communication.
    • Highlight why AI is essential for modern dentistry, addressing increased demand for precision, patient-centered care, and efficient practice management. Attain foundational knowledge of AI technologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing, with applications in radiography, documentation, and patient interaction. Integrate AI Tools into Clinical Practice: Utilize practical techniques to incorporate AI into day-to-day practice, from enhancing radiographic diagnostics to optimizing documentation and patient communications.

3. Examine Ethical and Regulatory Responsibilities

• • Dive into the ethical implications of AI, including maintaining patient trust, safeguarding privacy, and upholding transparency.
  • Provide an overview of the current and evolving regulatory frameworks (e.g., from RCDSO, ADA) that dentists need to be aware of when incorporating AI in practice .
  • Navigate Ethical and Regulatory Considerations: Apply best practices to uphold patient trust, data privacy, and informed consent while using AI-enhanceD diagnostic and administrative tools.

Module Content Highlights:

• Introduction to AI Types and Use Cases in Dentistry: Detailed overview of ML, LLMs, computer vision, and other AI models tailored for dental applications.
• Case Examples of AI in Dentistry: Real-world examples of AI’s positive impact, such as more accurate diagnostic support in radiology.
• Ethics and Governance Frameworks: Practical guidance on professional and legalobligations, with case studies illustrating ethical dilemmas in AI use.